Epidemiology of communicable and noncommunicable diseases pdf

Definition chronic conditions that do not result from an acute infectious process and hence are not communicable. Using graphs, on a pageper country presentation format. Brazil reported 31,064 new cases in 2014, accounting for 91. Who noncommunicable diseases country profiles 2011. Head of the department doctor of medical sciences md, phd nesen a. The department was founded in 1981 as a laboratory for epidemiology and prevention, whose goal was to preserve the health of the population by evaluation on risk factors and carrying out activities for primary and secondary prevention of noncommunicable diseases ncd in different populations.

If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Explain that after learning the lesson content they will complete a skill assessment in pairs or individually. Communicable diseases refer to diseases that can be transmitted and make people ill. Objectives at the end of the class students will be able to. Low and middleincome countries lmic are experiencing increasing disease burdens of ncds. This document replaces all previous versions of the prevention and control of communicable diseases, a guide for school administrators, nurses, teachers, and child care providers. Communicable disease epidemiology june 2014 the office of communicable disease epidemiology cde is responsible for surveillance of more than 66 of washington states approximately 80 notifiable conditions.

Global status report on noncommunicable diseases 2014. This chapter discusses the prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases ncds which are the leading causes of death and disability at the global level and in most regions of the world. The collective dynamic initiated by luke allen and andrea feigl1 is remarkable, and explains why they felt the need to formulate a new proposal,2 which involves renaming and reframing non communicable diseases ncds as socially transmitted conditions stcs. More recently, epidemiologic methods have been applied to chronic diseases, injuries, birth defects, maternalchild health, occupational health, and. Nelson studies of the epidemiology of infectious diseases include evaluation of the factors leading to infection by an organism, factors affecting the transmission of an organism, and those associated with clinically recognizable disease among those who are infected. The discipline of epidemiology has done much to bring this issue to the forefront of global health. Global noncommunicable disease epidemiology and control. Get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 239k, or click on a page image below to browse page by page. Prevention and control of communicable diseases a guide for school administrators, nurses, teachers, child care providers, and parents or guardians department of health and senior services bureau of communicable disease control and prevention jefferson city, mo 65102 573 75161 866 6289891 email. Chart and diagram slides for powerpoint beautifully designed chart and diagram s for powerpoint with visually stunning graphics and animation effects. Communicable disease definition of communicable disease. Epidemiology is medical science that involves the study of the incidence and distribution of diseases in large populations, and the conditions influencing the spread and severity of disease. Non communicable diseases are usually associated with aging. List risk factors relevant to selected non communicable diseases 2.

Epidemiology of noncommunicable diseases free download as powerpoint presentation. Death or disability at younger ages and rising healthcare costs resulting from ncds are causing severe. Nearly 80% of these deaths occurred in low and middle income countries. Noncommunicable diseases ncds, also known as chronic diseases, are not passed from person to person. Non communicable diseases ncds have reached pandemic levels globally and pose a major threat to social and economic development worldwide. Communicable and noncommunicable disease ppt xpowerpoint.

Noncommunicable diseases ncds are a group of conditions that include cardiovascular disease, chronic respiratory diseases, cancers, diabetes, and mental illness. The phn will adhere to the following guidelines outlined in the three documents. In this lesson, we are going to look at the epidemiology of the two major branches of disease. Six of the top 10 leading causes of death in 2012 were ncds, including the top three ischemic heart disease, stroke, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. It is generally a mild disease causing few, if any, symptoms, but in some cases, symptoms can be severeeven leading to death. Epidemiology of non communicable diseases misganaw a et al.

Communicable disease profile for afghanistan and neighbouring countries who communicable disease wg on emergenciesoctober 2001 2 introduction this document is intended to provide health professionals working in afghanistan and neighbouring countries with information on the major epidemic and endemic disease threats faced by the displaced. Ltd, pondicherry, india printed and bound in the uk by biddles ltd, kings lynn webbercommunicable disease epidemiology and control, 2nd edition final. These diseases are mainly caused by different organisms. Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Even as infections and nutritional deficiencies are receding as leading contributors to death and disability, cardiovascular diseases cvds, cancers, diabetes, neuropsychiatric ailments, and other. Epidemiology of communicable and noncommunicable diseases.

Contrary to popular opinion, available data demonstrate that nearly 80% of deaths due to non communicable diseases occur in low and middleincome countries. Ncds are the leading cause of death in the world, responsible for 63% of the 57 million deaths that occurred in 2008. Introduction to non communicable diseases free download as powerpoint presentation. Originally, epidemiology was concerned with epidemics of communicable diseases. Any documents contained on this web site that are translations from original text written in english are unofficial and not binding on this state or a political subdivision of this state. So they are called as communicable or infectious diseases. This chapter discusses the prevention and control of non communicable diseases ncds which are the leading causes of death and disability at the global level and in most regions of the world. Guidelines on prevention of communicable diseases in rches.

Department of clinical epidemiology of noncommunicable diseases. Feb 11, 2017 epidemiology of non communicable diseases. Department of community health bureau of epidemiology communicable and related diseases filed with the secretary of state on october 2, 2009 these rules become effective immediately upon filing with the secretary of state unless. Introduction to ncd epidemiology presenters name presenters title. Review article epidemiology of major noncommunicable. These include deaths caused by injuries, such as motor vehicle injuries, and chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, and chronic respiratory diseases.

Disclaimer in clinical practice, certain circumstances and individual cases require professional judgment beyond the scope of this document. The four main types of noncommunicable diseases are cardiovascular diseases like heart attacks and stroke, cancers, chronic respiratory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma and diabetes. Epidemiology of major noncommunicable diseases in ethiopia. View and download powerpoint presentations on communicable and noncommunicable disease ppt. Diseases az disease reporting data and reports contact us.

Communicable diseases have a variety of symptoms and can be caused by bacteria, viruses or parasites. The spread or transfer can happen through the air, through contact with contaminated surfaces, or through direct. Reframing noncommunicable diseases the lancet global health. Epidemiology and the scientific basis of ncd prevention and control surveillance and ncds hofman 1 lancet 2015. Lack of access to safe water and inadequate sanitation facilities transmission of waterborne and foodborne pathogens. Communicable disease definition of communicable disease by. Communicable disease definition is an infectious disease such as cholera, hepatitis, influenza, malaria, measles, or tuberculosis that is transmissible by contact with infected individuals or their bodily discharges or fluids such as respiratory droplets, blood, or semen, by contact with contaminated surfaces or objects, by ingestion of contaminated food or water, or by direct or. They are of long duration and generally slow progression. Describe epidemiology of non communicable diseases explain epidemiology of cardiovascular diseases explain epidemiology of congenital heart disease describe epidemiology of rheumatic heart disease. In idaho, legal authority for regulations protecting the health of the people of idaho is granted to the board of. Aug 21, 2018 epidemiology of non communicable disease 1. Communicable and noncommunicable diseases subchapter a.

The report features information about the noncommunicable diseases ncds situation in 193 countries. Pdf epidemiology of major noncommunicable diseases in. Epidemics of non communicable diseases ncd are presently emerging or accelerating in most developing countries murray and lopez 1996. The department was founded in 1981 as a laboratory for epidemiology and prevention, whose goal was to preserve the health of the population by evaluation on risk factors and carrying out activities for primary and secondary prevention of non communicable diseases ncd in different populations. Full text full text is available as a scanned copy of the original print version. Prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases oxford.

Noncommunicable disease unit advancing global prevention and control today, over three quarters of all deaths worldwide are due to noncommunicable diseases ncds. A noncommunicable disease is a noninfectious health condition lasting for a long period of time. Disaster risk management for health fact sheets key points global platform may 2011. Immigration from or travel to a developing country within 6 months prior to onset.

Ncds are becoming more common, while rates of communicable diseases are dropping. Noncommunicable diseases are the leading killer today and are on the increase. In this lesson, we looked at the field of epidemiology, or the study and control of disease, specifically looking at the difference between communicable and non communicable diseases. These notifiable conditions are categorized as vaccine preventable, foodborne, waterborne, and zoonotic diseases, acute hepatitis. Overview of noncommunicable diseases and related risk factors. Do not result from an acute infectious process are not communicable cause premature morbidity, dysfunction, and reduced quality of life usually develop and progress over long. These diseases spread through food, water, air, touch and blood. Chronic conditions are characterized by the following. Isbn 9789535127406, eisbn 97895351274, pdf isbn 9789535173229, published 20161109. Some of these diseases are highly epidemic in nature. We aimed to document the prevalence and mortality associated with four major noncommunicable diseases in ethiopia.

Department of clinical epidemiology of noncommunicable. The epidemiology of common communicable diseases center for acute disease epidemiology lucas state office building, 321 e. The following words and terms, when used in this chapter, have the following meanings, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Communicable diseases are spread from person to person or from animal to person.

There is shift from mortality from communicable diseases due to the use immunizations and antibiotics etc. Prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases. Find powerpoint presentations and slides using the power of, find free presentations research about communicable and noncommunicable disease ppt. Describe what communicable diseases are explain the epidemiologic principles in control and prevention of communicable diseases describe the surveillance concepts as applied in communicable diseases name the notifiable diseases as stipulated in the public health act explain the approaches used in responding to epidemics. Non communicable diseases are the leading causes of death globally, killing more people each year than all other causes combined. This includes details of what proportion of each countrys deaths are due to diseases such as cancer, heart and lung diseases, and diabetes. Communicable diseases, and the associated risk factors, can be grouped as follows. Noncommunicable diseases, intended as the results of a combination of inherited, environmental and biological factors, kill 40 million people each year, equivalent to roughly 70% of. The control of the communicable diseases should focus on controlling the factors of the spread of communicable diseases to break the chain of infection. Global platform may 2011 disaster risk management for. Who independent highlevel commission on noncommunicable diseases table of contents 04 message from the cochairs 09 policies and programmes that have best driven progress 12 challenges to implementation 15 recommendations 07 burden and impact of ncds and mental disorders 10 global commitments to prevent and treat ncds rationale for the. A disease that has a prolonged course, that does not resolve spontaneously, and for which a complete cure is rarely achieved.

Apr 27, 2020 communicable disease definition is an infectious disease such as cholera, hepatitis, influenza, malaria, measles, or tuberculosis that is transmissible by contact with infected individuals or their bodily discharges or fluids such as respiratory droplets, blood, or semen, by contact with contaminated surfaces or objects, by ingestion of contaminated food or water, or by direct or. Similarly, global burden of disease gbd studies estimated agestandardized death rates of 800 per 100,000 population for non communicable diseases in ethiopia, of which higher death rates. The potential and value of epidemiology in curbing non. Noncommunicable diseases ncds are responsible for nearly 40 million deaths each year which represents almost three quarters of all deaths worldwide. Ppt epidemiology of noncommunicable diseases powerpoint.

Noncommunicable diseases ncds, mainly cardiovascular diseases cvds, cancers, chronic respiratory diseases and diabetes represent a leading threat to human health these four diseases are the worlds biggest killers, causing an estimated 35 million deaths each year 60% of all deaths globally with 80% in low and middleincome. Acute communicable disease control manual b73 revisionaugust 2011 part iv. Our new crystalgraphics chart and diagram slides for powerpoint is a collection of over impressively designed datadriven chart and editable diagram s guaranteed to impress any audience. Non communicable diseases, intended as the results of a combination of inherited, environmental and biological factors, kill 40 million people each year, equivalent to roughly 70% of. Epidemiology of communicable and noncommunicable diseases attributes of lifestyle and nature on humankind. Communicable diseases can be spread through bodily fluids, contaminated surfaces, air or food. Non communicable diseases are driven by seemingly unrelated causes such as rapid unplanned urbanization, globalization of unhealthy lifestyles and population. Report of the who independent highlevel commission on. Other program areas tuberculosis tb healthcare associated infections hai. Diarrhoeal diseases such as cholera, typhoid fever and shigellosis can cause epidemics with. Further, this trend is increasing rapidly by 2020 it is predicted that 70% of deaths in these countries will be due to ncds 16. Communicable diseases are a major cause of mortality and morbidity in disaster situations, particularly, where there is.